Highlights

SSiB Generation Developments for Climate and Environmental Change Studies

SSiB-2: Photosynthetic processes, including chlorophyll fluorescence

SSiB-3: Multilayer snow processes, aerosol in snow, and frozen soil processes

SSiB-4/TRIFFID: Water and carbon balance-based Dynamic vegetation processes with heterogeneity consideration.

SSiB-5/TRIFFID/DayCent Soil nitrogen and crop processes are included

Sub-modules: urban sub-model; Stem-root flow sub-module; Fire module

West African Climate, Environment, and Decadal Drought Studies

West African monsoon/decadal drought and external forcing land processes, land cover and land use change, SST, aerosols, and fire).

West African Monsoon Modeling and Evaluation Project Experiments I and II (Special Issue I and Special Issue II)

East Asian Climate Study

Surface-induced forcing and decadal variability and change of the East Asian climate, surface hydrology & agriculture–A modeling and data approach

Spring Land Temperature in the Tibetan Plateau and Rocky Mountains and Global Summer Precipitation Anomalies – a GEWEX/LS4P Initiative

Spring land temperature anomalies in high elevation areas and summer extreme (droughts, heat waves, and floods) in downstream regions

Land-Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions (Ref 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ,6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)

Land surface processes, including land use land cover changes, vegetation, snow, glaciers, urbanization, and fire, and regional climate and environment, especially monsoons, drought, flood, and landform

Regional Climate Model Studies

Regional climate model (RCM) development and factors that control the RCM downscaling ability.